Interfacing Ultrasonic Sensor, Relay Module, and 16x2 I2C LCD with Arduino

 

Introduction

In this tutorial, we'll explore how to interface an ultrasonic sensor, a relay module, and a 16x2 I2C LCD with an Arduino board. This project allows you to measure distance using the ultrasonic sensor, control a relay based on the distance, and power on the STM32 module when the distance is above 5cm. The distance and relay status are displayed on a 16x2 I2C LCD.

Components Needed

1. Arduino board
2. Ultrasonic sensor
3. Relay module
4. 16x2 I2C LCD
5. STM32 module
6. Jumper wires

Wiring Connections

Follow these wiring instructions to connect the components:

• Ultrasonic Sensor:

  • VCC → +5V on Arduino
  • GND → GND on Arduino
  • Trig → Digital Pin 2 on Arduino
  • Echo → Digital Pin 3 on Arduino

• Relay Module:

  • VCC → +5V on Arduino
  • GND → GND on Arduino
  • Control → Digital Pin 4 on Arduino

• STM32 Module:

  • Power → Relay Common Pin (NO) on Relay Module
  • GND → GND on Arduino

• 16x2 I2C LCD:

• VCC → +5V on Arduino
• GND → GND on Arduino
• SDA → SDA on Arduino
• SCL → SCL on Arduino

Arduino Code

#include <Wire.h> #include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h> // Define the ultrasonic sensor pins const int trigPin = 2; const int echoPin = 3; // Define the relay control pin const int relayPin = 4; // Change this to the actual pin you've connected the relay control to // Define the LCD settings LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2); // I2C address 0x27, 16 columns and 2 rows // Variables for duration and distance long duration; int distance; void setup() { // Initialize Serial communication Serial.begin(9600); // Initialize LCD lcd.init(); lcd.backlight(); lcd.print("Distance:"); // Set ultrasonic sensor pins as OUTPUT and INPUT pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Set relay pin as OUTPUT pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT); } void loop() { // Trigger the ultrasonic sensor digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(2); digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(10); digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); // Measure the duration of the echo signal duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); // Calculate the distance in centimeters distance = duration * 0.034 / 2; // Clear the LCD lcd.clear(); // Display distance on the LCD lcd.setCursor(0, 0); lcd.print("Distance: "); lcd.print(distance); lcd.print(" cm"); // Control the relay based on distance if (distance > 5) { // Turn on the relay digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Status: STM32 ON"); } else { // Turn off the relay digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); lcd.setCursor(0, 1); lcd.print("Status: STM32 OFF"); } // Add a delay between measurements delay(1000); }

Explanation

In the Arduino code, the relay Pin is utilized to control the relay module. When the ultrasonic sensor detects a distance greater than 5cm, the relay is activated (digital Write(relayPin, LOW)), completing the circuit and providing power to the STM32 module. Conversely, when the distance is 5cm or less, the relay is deactivated (digital Write(relayPin, HIGH)), cutting off power to the STM32 module. This mechanism allows you to remotely power on or off the STM32 module based on the proximity detected by the ultrasonic sensor.

Conclusion

This project not only demonstrates the integration of an ultrasonic sensor, a relay module, and a 16x2 I2C LCD but also showcases how these components can be used to automate the power control of external devices, such as the STM32 module. As always, feel free to experiment and modify the code to suit your specific requirements.

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